Iowa Vape Directory Law Blocked by Federal Judge

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Court Rules State Law Unlawfully Infringes on Federal Authority

A federal judge has blocked nearly all provisions of a new Iowa law (House File 2677) that aimed to restrict the sale of e-cigarette products based on their U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval status. Chief U.S. District Judge Stephanie Rose ruled the law likely violates the U.S. Constitution’s Supremacy Clause by improperly attempting to enforce federal regulations.

The law, signed last year, directed Iowa officials to create a “vapor products directory,” permitting only those products with FDA marketing approval or those marketed before 2016 that had sought FDA approval by 2020. Opponents, including manufacturers and retailers who sued to block the law, warned it would eliminate over 99% of existing vape products from the state market.

Judge Rose agreed with the plaintiffs that while states can regulate the sale of tobacco products (e.g., through flavor bans), Iowa’s law went too far by essentially giving state officials power to enforce the federal FDA approval process. She noted the law was “parasitic on the FDCA” and aimed to address perceived “federal non-enforcement,” precisely illustrating why Congress gave exclusive enforcement authority to the federal government.

The judge’s order blocks the directory and related sales restrictions from taking effect. However, a separate provision requiring manufacturers selling in Iowa to have a registered agent in the state was not blocked. Rose also rejected the plaintiffs’ argument that the law unfairly discriminated against synthetic nicotine products compared to tobacco-derived ones.

Matthew Ma
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