The Swiss Federal Supreme Court has upheld the Canton of Valais’s ban on disposable electronic cigarettes, dismissing legal challenges from tobacco industry groups and major manufacturers. Released on July 1, the decision confirms that local authorities retain the power to restrict these products to protect public health and the environment, paving the way for a wave of similar bans across Switzerland.

The legal dispute began after Valais amended its cantonal health law to prohibit the sale of disposable vapes, commonly known as “vapes” or “puffs.” The Swiss Tobacco Association (Swiss Tobacco), Philip Morris Switzerland, and two local retailers filed three separate appeals against the amendment, seeking to overturn the sales ban.

Tobacco Industry Challenges Dismissed

The appellants argued that the federal Tobacco Products Act (TabPG), which took effect in 2024, fully regulates the market, leaving no room for cantonal restrictions. They also claimed that under the federal Environmental Protection Act (USG), only the Federal Council has the authority to ban single-use products for waste reduction purposes.

The Federal Supreme Court rejected these arguments. The judges ruled that the federal legislature did not intend for the TabPG to be an exhaustive regulation of tobacco and related products. Consequently, cantons can introduce additional sales restrictions based on other legal grounds, particularly environmental protection.

While the USG grants the federal government powers to regulate products for environmental reasons, cantons retain residual authority where the federal government has not acted. Because no specific federal rules exist for disposable e-cigarettes, Valais is legally permitted to step in. The court noted this aligns with European Union regulations, where countries like France, Belgium, and the UK have moved to ban disposable vapes, and others like Austria and Ireland are preparing to do so.

Public Interest Outweighs Economic Freedom

The appellants also argued that the sales ban violates the federal Internal Market Act (BGBM) and the constitutional guarantee of economic freedom under Article 27 of the Federal Constitution.

The court found this complaint unfounded. It ruled that the public interest in environmental protection (Article 74 of the Federal Constitution) and sustainability (Articles 2 and 73) justifies restricting market access. The Valais ban is a proportionate measure relative to its environmental goals.

Additionally, the court dismissed claims regarding the “Cassis de Dijon” principle, noting that the Federal Act on Technical Barriers to Trade (THG) does not apply to intercantonal trade barriers, which are governed strictly by the BGBM.

Immediate Implications for Geneva and Other Cantons

The ruling has immediate consequences beyond Valais. Currently, only Valais and Geneva have enacted bans on disposable vapes. In Geneva, the Grand Council approved a ban in August 2025, but a cantonal court later declared it invalid, arguing the canton lacked jurisdiction under federal law.

However, the Federal Supreme Court recently granted suspensive effect to Geneva’s appeal, explicitly noting that the Valais decision contradicts the lower Geneva court’s reasoning. This allows Geneva to maintain its ban while the legal process concludes.

The ruling is expected to accelerate anti-vaping measures across Switzerland. The Canton of Fribourg has already launched a public consultation on a similar draft law. Meanwhile, parliaments in Bern, Basel-Stadt, Jura, Neuchâtel, Solothurn, Thurgau, and Vaud have passed motions directing their respective governments to draft disposable vape bans.

The Status of a Nationwide Ban

On a national level, a broader ban is also on the horizon. Parliament approved a motion submitted by National Councillor Christophe Clivaz to ban disposable electronic cigarettes nationwide. This requires the Federal Council to amend the TabPG to include a country-wide ban.

However, the federal government has not yet presented a draft bill, leaving the cantons to lead the regulatory effort in the interim. The Federal Supreme Court’s ruling ensures that until federal legislation is enacted, cantons remain fully empowered to protect their local environments and public health from disposable plastic waste.